45 Zypper naredbi za upravljanje 'Suse' upravljanjem Linux paketima
SUSE (Software and System Entwicklung (Njemačka) što znači razvoj softvera i sustava, na engleskom) Linux se nalazi na vrhu Linux Kernela koji donosi Novell. SUSE dolazi u dva pakiranja. Jedan od njih zove se OpenSUSE, koji je besplatno dostupan (besplatan kao u govoru, kao i besplatan kao u vinu). To je projekt vođen zajednicom prepun najnovije podrške za aplikacije, najnovije stabilno izdanje OpenSUSE Linuxa je 13.2.
Drugi je SUSE Linux Enterprise koji je komercijalna Linux distribucija dizajnirana posebno za poduzeća i proizvodnju. Izdanje SUSE Linux Enterprise dolazi s raznim Enterprise Applications i značajkama prilagođenim proizvodnom okruženju, najnovije stabilno izdanje SUSE Linux Enterprise Edition je 12.
Možda biste htjeli provjeriti detaljne upute za instalaciju SUSE Linux Enterprise Servera na:
- Instalacija SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12
Zypper i YaST su Upravitelj paketa za SUSE Linux, koji radi povrh RPM jak>.
YaST što je skraćenica za Yet another Setup Tool je alat koji radi na izdanjima OpenSUSE i SUSE Enterprise za administraciju, postaviti i konfigurirati SUSE Linux.
Zypper je sučelje naredbenog retka upravitelja paketa ZYpp za instaliranje, uklanjanje i ažuriranje SUSE-a. ZYpp je mehanizam za upravljanje paketima koji pokreće i Zypper i YaST.
Ovdje u ovom članku vidjet ćemo Zypper na djelu, koji će instalirati, ažurirati, uklanjati i raditi sve druge stvari koje upravitelj paketa može učiniti. Idemo…
Važno: Upamtite da su sve ove naredbe namijenjene promjenama u cijelom sustavu, stoga ih morate pokrenuti kao root, inače naredba neće uspjeti.
Dobivanje osnovne pomoći sa Zypperom
1. Pokrenite zypper bez ikakvih opcija, dat će vam popis svih globalnih opcija i naredbi.
# zypper
Usage:
zypper [--global-options]2. Da biste dobili pomoć za određenu naredbu, recimo 'in' (instaliraj), pokrenite donje naredbe.
# zypper help in
OR
# zypper help install
install (in) [options] <capability|rpm_file_uri> ...
Install packages with specified capabilities or RPM files with specified
location. A capability is NAME[.ARCH][OP], where OP is one
of <, <=, =, >=, >.
Command options:
--from <alias|#|URI> Select packages from the specified repository.
-r, --repo <alias|#|URI> Load only the specified repository.
-t, --type Type of package (package, patch, pattern, product, srcpackage).
Default: package.
-n, --name Select packages by plain name, not by capability.
-C, --capability Select packages by capability.
-f, --force Install even if the item is already installed (reinstall),
downgraded or changes vendor or architecture.
--oldpackage Allow to replace a newer item with an older one.
Handy if you are doing a rollback. Unlike --force
it will not enforce a reinstall.
--replacefiles Install the packages even if they replace files from other,
already installed, packages. Default is to treat file conflicts
as an error. --download-as-needed disables the fileconflict check.
......
3. Potražite paket (recimo gnome-desktop) prije instaliranja.
zypper se gnome-desktop
Retrieving repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Debug' metadata ............................................................[done]
Building repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Debug' cache .................................................................[done]
Retrieving repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Non-Oss' metadata ......................................................... [done]
Building repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Non-Oss' cache ...............................................................[done]
Retrieving repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Oss' metadata ..............................................................[done]
Building repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Oss' cache ...................................................................[done]
Retrieving repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Update' metadata ...........................................................[done]
Building repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Update' cache ................................................................[done]
Retrieving repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Update-Non-Oss' metadata ...................................................[done]
Building repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Update-Non-Oss' cache ........................................................[done]
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
S | Name | Summary | Type
--+---------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+-----------
| gnome-desktop2-lang | Languages for package gnome-desktop2 | package
| gnome-desktop2 | The GNOME Desktop API Library | package
| libgnome-desktop-2-17 | The GNOME Desktop API Library | package
| libgnome-desktop-3-10 | The GNOME Desktop API Library | package
| libgnome-desktop-3-devel | The GNOME Desktop API Library -- Development Files | package
| libgnome-desktop-3_0-common | The GNOME Desktop API Library -- Common data files | package
| gnome-desktop-debugsource | Debug sources for package gnome-desktop | package
| gnome-desktop-sharp2-debugsource | Debug sources for package gnome-desktop-sharp2 | package
| gnome-desktop2-debugsource | Debug sources for package gnome-desktop2 | package
| libgnome-desktop-2-17-debuginfo | Debug information for package libgnome-desktop-2-17 | package
| libgnome-desktop-3-10-debuginfo | Debug information for package libgnome-desktop-3-10 | package
| libgnome-desktop-3_0-common-debuginfo | Debug information for package libgnome-desktop-3_0-common | package
| libgnome-desktop-2-17-debuginfo-32bit | Debug information for package libgnome-desktop-2-17 | package
| libgnome-desktop-3-10-debuginfo-32bit | Debug information for package libgnome-desktop-3-10 | package
| gnome-desktop-sharp2 | Mono bindings for libgnome-desktop | package
| libgnome-desktop-2-devel | The GNOME Desktop API Library -- Development Files | package
| gnome-desktop-lang | Languages for package gnome-desktop | package
| libgnome-desktop-2-17-32bit | The GNOME Desktop API Library | package
| libgnome-desktop-3-10-32bit | The GNOME Desktop API Library | package
| gnome-desktop | The GNOME Desktop API Library | srcpackage
4. Dobijte informacije o paketu uzoraka (recimo lamp_server) pomoću sljedeće naredbe.
zypper info -t pattern lamp_server
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
Information for pattern lamp_server:
------------------------------------
Repository: openSUSE-13.2-Update
Name: lamp_server
Version: 20141007-5.1
Arch: x86_64
Vendor: openSUSE
Installed: No
Visible to User: Yes
Summary: Web and LAMP Server
Description:
Software to set up a Web server that is able to serve static, dynamic, and interactive content (like a Web shop). This includes Apache HTTP Server, the database management system MySQL,
and scripting languages such as PHP, Python, Ruby on Rails, or Perl.
Contents:
S | Name | Type | Dependency
--+-------------------------------+---------+-----------
| apache2-mod_php5 | package |
| php5-iconv | package |
i | patterns-openSUSE-base | package |
i | apache2-prefork | package |
| php5-dom | package |
| php5-mysql | package |
i | apache2 | package |
| apache2-example-pages | package |
| mariadb | package |
| apache2-mod_perl | package |
| php5-ctype | package |
| apache2-doc | package |
| yast2-http-server | package |
| patterns-openSUSE-lamp_server | package |
5. Za otvaranje sesije ljuske zyppera pokrenite naredbu u nastavku.
# zypper shell
OR
# zypper sh
zypper> help
Usage:
zypper [--global-options]Napomena: Na Zypper ljusci upišite 'pomoć' da dobijete popis globalnih opcija i naredbi.
Zypper upravljanje spremištem
Ispisivanje definiranih repozitorija
6. Koristite naredbe zypper repos ili zypper lr za popis svih definiranih repozitorija.
# zypper repos
OR
# zypper lr
| Alias | Name | Enabled | Refresh
--+---------------------------+------------------------------------+---------+--------
1 | openSUSE-13.2-0 | openSUSE-13.2-0 | Yes | No
2 | repo-debug | openSUSE-13.2-Debug | Yes | Yes
3 | repo-debug-update | openSUSE-13.2-Update-Debug | No | Yes
4 | repo-debug-update-non-oss | openSUSE-13.2-Update-Debug-Non-Oss | No | Yes
5 | repo-non-oss | openSUSE-13.2-Non-Oss | Yes | Yes
6 | repo-oss | openSUSE-13.2-Oss | Yes | Yes
7 | repo-source | openSUSE-13.2-Source | No | Yes
8 | repo-update | openSUSE-13.2-Update | Yes | Yes
9 | repo-update-non-oss | openSUSE-13.2-Update-Non-Oss | Yes | Yes
7. Navedite zypper URI na tablici.
# zypper lr -u
| Alias | Name | Enabled | Refresh | URI
--+---------------------------+------------------------------------+---------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------
1 | openSUSE-13.2-0 | openSUSE-13.2-0 | Yes | No | cd:///?devices=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-VBOX_CD-ROM_VB2-01700376
2 | repo-debug | openSUSE-13.2-Debug | Yes | Yes | http://download.opensuse.org/debug/distribution/13.2/repo/oss/
3 | repo-debug-update | openSUSE-13.2-Update-Debug | No | Yes | http://download.opensuse.org/debug/update/13.2/
4 | repo-debug-update-non-oss | openSUSE-13.2-Update-Debug-Non-Oss | No | Yes | http://download.opensuse.org/debug/update/13.2-non-oss/
5 | repo-non-oss | openSUSE-13.2-Non-Oss | Yes | Yes | http://download.opensuse.org/distribution/13.2/repo/non-oss/
6 | repo-oss | openSUSE-13.2-Oss | Yes | Yes | http://download.opensuse.org/distribution/13.2/repo/oss/
7 | repo-source | openSUSE-13.2-Source | No | Yes | http://download.opensuse.org/source/distribution/13.2/repo/oss/
8 | repo-update | openSUSE-13.2-Update | Yes | Yes | http://download.opensuse.org/update/13.2/
9 | repo-update-non-oss | openSUSE-13.2-Update-Non-Oss | Yes | Yes | http://download.opensuse.org/update/13.2-non-oss/
8. Popis prioriteta spremišta i popis po prioritetu.
# zypper lr -P
| Alias | Name | Enabled | Refresh | Priority
--+---------------------------+------------------------------------+---------+---------+---------
1 | openSUSE-13.2-0 | openSUSE-13.2-0 | Yes | No | 99
2 | repo-debug | openSUSE-13.2-Debug | Yes | Yes | 99
3 | repo-debug-update | openSUSE-13.2-Update-Debug | No | Yes | 99
4 | repo-debug-update-non-oss | openSUSE-13.2-Update-Debug-Non-Oss | No | Yes | 99
5 | repo-non-oss | openSUSE-13.2-Non-Oss | Yes | Yes | 85
6 | repo-oss | openSUSE-13.2-Oss | Yes | Yes | 99
7 | repo-source | openSUSE-13.2-Source | No | Yes | 99
8 | repo-update | openSUSE-13.2-Update | Yes | Yes | 99
9 | repo-update-non-oss | openSUSE-13.2-Update-Non-Oss | Yes | Yes | 99
Osvježavanje spremišta
9. Koristite naredbe zypper refresh ili zypper ref za osvježavanje zypper repozitorija.
# zypper refresh
OR
# zypper ref
Repository 'openSUSE-13.2-0' is up to date.
Repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Debug' is up to date.
Repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Non-Oss' is up to date.
Repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Oss' is up to date.
Repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Update' is up to date.
Repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Update-Non-Oss' is up to date.
All repositories have been refreshed.
10. Za osvježavanje određenog repozitorija recite 'repo-non-oss', upišite:
# zypper refresh repo-non-oss
Repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Non-Oss' is up to date.
Specified repositories have been refreshed.
11. Za prisilno ažuriranje repozitorija recite 'repo-non-oss', upišite:
# zypper ref -f repo-non-oss
Forcing raw metadata refresh
Retrieving repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Non-Oss' metadata ............................................................[done]
Forcing building of repository cache
Building repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Non-Oss' cache ............................................................[done]
Specified repositories have been refreshed.
Izmjena spremišta
Ovdje koristimo naredbe ‘zypper modifyrepo’ ili ‘zypper mr’ da onemogućimo, omogućimo zypper spremišta.
12. Prije onemogućavanja repozitorija, morate znati da u Zypperu svako repozitorij ima svoj jedinstveni broj, koji se koristi za onemogućavanje ili omogućavanje repozitorija.
Recimo da želite onemogućiti spremište 'repo-oss', da biste ga onemogućili, prvo trebate unijeti njegov broj upisivanjem sljedeće naredbe.
# zypper lr
| Alias | Name | Enabled | Refresh
--+---------------------------+------------------------------------+---------+--------
1 | openSUSE-13.2-0 | openSUSE-13.2-0 | Yes | No
2 | repo-debug | openSUSE-13.2-Debug | Yes | Yes
3 | repo-debug-update | openSUSE-13.2-Update-Debug | No | Yes
4 | repo-debug-update-non-oss | openSUSE-13.2-Update-Debug-Non-Oss | No | Yes
5 | repo-non-oss | openSUSE-13.2-Non-Oss | Yes | Yes
6 | repo-oss | openSUSE-13.2-Oss | No | Yes
7 | repo-source | openSUSE-13.2-Source | No | Yes
8 | repo-update | openSUSE-13.2-Update | Yes | Yes
9 | repo-update-non-oss | openSUSE-13.2-Update-Non-Oss | Yes | Yes
Vidite li u gornjem izlazu da spremište 'repo-oss' ima broj 6, da biste to onemogućili morate navesti broj 6 zajedno sa sljedećom naredbom.
# zypper mr -d 6
Repository 'repo-oss' has been successfully disabled.
13. Da ponovno omogućite isto spremište 'repo-oss', koje se pojavljuje pod brojem 6 (kao što je prikazano u gornjem primjeru).
# zypper mr -e 6
Repository 'repo-oss' has been successfully enabled.
14. Omogućite automatsko osvježavanje i rpm datoteku 'caching' za spremište recimo 'repo-non-oss' i postavite njegov prioritet da kaže 85.
# zypper mr -rk -p 85 repo-non-oss
Repository 'repo-non-oss' priority has been left unchanged (85)
Nothing to change for repository 'repo-non-oss'.
15. Onemogućite rpm predmemoriranje datoteka za sva spremišta.
# zypper mr -Ka
RPM files caching has been disabled for repository 'openSUSE-13.2-0'.
RPM files caching has been disabled for repository 'repo-debug'.
RPM files caching has been disabled for repository 'repo-debug-update'.
RPM files caching has been disabled for repository 'repo-debug-update-non-oss'.
RPM files caching has been disabled for repository 'repo-non-oss'.
RPM files caching has been disabled for repository 'repo-oss'.
RPM files caching has been disabled for repository 'repo-source'.
RPM files caching has been disabled for repository 'repo-update'.
RPM files caching has been disabled for repository 'repo-update-non-oss'.
16. Omogućite rpm predmemoriranje datoteka za sva spremišta.
# zypper mr -ka
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'openSUSE-13.2-0'.
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'repo-debug'.
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'repo-debug-update'.
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'repo-debug-update-non-oss'.
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'repo-non-oss'.
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'repo-oss'.
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'repo-source'.
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'repo-update'.
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'repo-update-non-oss'.
17. Onemogući predmemoriju rpm datoteka za udaljena spremišta.
# zypper mr -Kt
RPM files caching has been disabled for repository 'repo-debug'.
RPM files caching has been disabled for repository 'repo-debug-update'.
RPM files caching has been disabled for repository 'repo-debug-update-non-oss'.
RPM files caching has been disabled for repository 'repo-non-oss'.
RPM files caching has been disabled for repository 'repo-oss'.
RPM files caching has been disabled for repository 'repo-source'.
RPM files caching has been disabled for repository 'repo-update'.
RPM files caching has been disabled for repository 'repo-update-non-oss'.
18. Omogućite rpm predmemoriju datoteka za udaljena spremišta.
# zypper mr -kt
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'repo-debug'.
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'repo-debug-update'.
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'repo-debug-update-non-oss'.
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'repo-non-oss'.
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'repo-oss'.
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'repo-source'.
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'repo-update'.
RPM files caching has been enabled for repository 'repo-update-non-oss'.
Dodavanje spremišta
Možete koristiti bilo koju od dvije naredbe – ‘zypper addrepo’ ili ‘zypper ar’. Možete koristiti repo url ili alias za dodavanje spremišta.
19. Dodajte spremište recite “http://download.opensuse.org/update/12.3/”.
# zypper ar http://download.opensuse.org/update/11.1/ update
Adding repository 'update' .............................................................................................................................................................[done]
Repository 'update' successfully added
Enabled : Yes
Autorefresh : No
GPG check : Yes
URI : http://download.opensuse.org/update/11.1/
20. Preimenujte spremište. Promijenit će samo alias. Možete koristiti naredbu ‘zypper namerepo’ ili ‘zypper nr’. Da biste preimenovali ili promijenili alias repoa koji se pojavljuje pod brojem 10 (zypper lr) u upd8, pokrenite naredbu u nastavku.
# zypper nr 10 upd8
Repository 'update' renamed to 'upd8'.
Uklanjanje spremišta
21. Uklonite spremište. Uklonit će spremište iz sustava. Možete koristiti naredbu ‘zypper removerepo’ ili ‘zypper rr’. Da biste uklonili repo, recimo 'upd8', pokrenite naredbu u nastavku.
# zypper rr upd8
Removing repository 'upd8' .........................................................................................[done]
Repository 'upd8' has been removed.
Upravljanje paketima pomoću Zyppera
Instalirajte paket sa Zypperom
22. Sa Zypperom možemo instalirati pakete na temelju naziva mogućnosti. Na primjer, za instaliranje paketa (recimo Mozilla Firefox) koristeći naziv mogućnosti.
# zypper in MozillaFirefox
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
Resolving package dependencies...
The following 128 NEW packages are going to be installed:
adwaita-icon-theme at-spi2-atk-common at-spi2-atk-gtk2 at-spi2-core cantarell-fonts cups-libs desktop-file-utils fontconfig gdk-pixbuf-query-loaders gstreamer gstreamer-fluendo-mp3
gstreamer-plugins-base gtk2-branding-openSUSE gtk2-data gtk2-immodule-amharic gtk2-immodule-inuktitut gtk2-immodule-thai gtk2-immodule-vietnamese gtk2-metatheme-adwaita
gtk2-theming-engine-adwaita gtk2-tools gtk3-data gtk3-metatheme-adwaita gtk3-tools hicolor-icon-theme hicolor-icon-theme-branding-openSUSE libasound2 libatk-1_0-0 libatk-bridge-2_0-0
libatspi0 libcairo2 libcairo-gobject2 libcanberra0 libcanberra-gtk0 libcanberra-gtk2-module libcanberra-gtk3-0 libcanberra-gtk3-module libcanberra-gtk-module-common libcdda_interface0
libcdda_paranoia0 libcolord2 libdrm2 libdrm_intel1 libdrm_nouveau2 libdrm_radeon1 libFLAC8 libfreebl3 libgbm1 libgdk_pixbuf-2_0-0 libgraphite2-3 libgstapp-1_0-0 libgstaudio-1_0-0
libgstpbutils-1_0-0 libgstreamer-1_0-0 libgstriff-1_0-0 libgsttag-1_0-0 libgstvideo-1_0-0 libgthread-2_0-0 libgtk-2_0-0 libgtk-3-0 libharfbuzz0 libjasper1 libjbig2 libjpeg8 libjson-c2
liblcms2-2 libLLVM libltdl7 libnsssharedhelper0 libogg0 liborc-0_4-0 libpackagekit-glib2-18 libpango-1_0-0 libpciaccess0 libpixman-1-0 libpulse0 libsndfile1 libsoftokn3 libspeex1
libsqlite3-0 libstartup-notification-1-0 libtheoradec1 libtheoraenc1 libtiff5 libvisual libvorbis0 libvorbisenc2 libvorbisfile3 libwayland-client0 libwayland-cursor0 libwayland-server0
libX11-xcb1 libxcb-dri2-0 libxcb-dri3-0 libxcb-glx0 libxcb-present0 libxcb-render0 libxcb-shm0 libxcb-sync1 libxcb-util1 libxcb-xfixes0 libXcomposite1 libXcursor1 libXdamage1 libXevie1
libXfixes3 libXft2 libXi6 libXinerama1 libxkbcommon-0_4_3 libXrandr2 libXrender1 libxshmfence1 libXtst6 libXv1 libXxf86vm1 Mesa Mesa-libEGL1 Mesa-libGL1 Mesa-libglapi0
metatheme-adwaita-common MozillaFirefox MozillaFirefox-branding-openSUSE mozilla-nss mozilla-nss-certs PackageKit-gstreamer-plugin pango-tools sound-theme-freedesktop
The following 10 recommended packages were automatically selected:
gstreamer-fluendo-mp3 gtk2-branding-openSUSE gtk2-data gtk2-immodule-amharic gtk2-immodule-inuktitut gtk2-immodule-thai gtk2-immodule-vietnamese libcanberra0 libpulse0
PackageKit-gstreamer-plugin
128 new packages to install.
Overall download size: 77.2 MiB. Already cached: 0 B After the operation, additional 200.0 MiB will be used.
Continue? [y/n/? shows all options] (y): y
Retrieving package cantarell-fonts-0.0.16-1.1.noarch (1/128), 74.1 KiB (115.6 KiB unpacked)
Retrieving: cantarell-fonts-0.0.16-1.1.noarch.rpm .........................................................................................................................[done (63.4 KiB/s)]
Retrieving package hicolor-icon-theme-0.13-2.1.2.noarch (2/128), 40.1 KiB ( 50.5 KiB unpacked)
Retrieving: hicolor-icon-theme-0.13-2.1.2.noarch.rpm ...................................................................................................................................[done]
Retrieving package sound-theme-freedesktop-0.8-7.1.2.noarch (3/128), 372.6 KiB (460.3 KiB unpacked)
23. Instalirajte paket (recimo gcc) koristeći verziju.
# zypper in 'gcc<5.1'
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
Resolving package dependencies...
The following 13 NEW packages are going to be installed:
cpp cpp48 gcc gcc48 libasan0 libatomic1-gcc49 libcloog-isl4 libgomp1-gcc49 libisl10 libitm1-gcc49 libmpc3 libmpfr4 libtsan0-gcc49
13 new packages to install.
Overall download size: 14.5 MiB. Already cached: 0 B After the operation, additional 49.4 MiB will be used.
Continue? [y/n/? shows all options] (y): y
24. Instalirajte paket (recimo gcc) za arhitekturu (recimo i586).
# zypper in gcc.i586
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
Resolving package dependencies...
The following 13 NEW packages are going to be installed:
cpp cpp48 gcc gcc48 libasan0 libatomic1-gcc49 libcloog-isl4 libgomp1-gcc49 libisl10 libitm1-gcc49 libmpc3 libmpfr4 libtsan0-gcc49
13 new packages to install.
Overall download size: 14.5 MiB. Already cached: 0 B After the operation, additional 49.4 MiB will be used.
Continue? [y/n/? shows all options] (y): y
Retrieving package libasan0-4.8.3+r212056-2.2.4.x86_64 (1/13), 74.2 KiB (166.9 KiB unpacked)
Retrieving: libasan0-4.8.3+r212056-2.2.4.x86_64.rpm .......................................................................................................................[done (79.2 KiB/s)]
Retrieving package libatomic1-gcc49-4.9.0+r211729-2.1.7.x86_64 (2/13), 14.3 KiB ( 26.1 KiB unpacked)
Retrieving: libatomic1-gcc49-4.9.0+r211729-2.1.7.x86_64.rpm ...............................................................................................................[done (55.3 KiB/s)]25. Instalirajte paket (recimo gcc) za određenu arhitekturu (recimo i586) i određenu verziju (recimo <5.1 >),
# zypper in 'gcc.i586<5.1'
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
Resolving package dependencies...
The following 13 NEW packages are going to be installed:
cpp cpp48 gcc gcc48 libasan0 libatomic1-gcc49 libcloog-isl4 libgomp1-gcc49 libisl10 libitm1-gcc49 libmpc3 libmpfr4 libtsan0-gcc49
13 new packages to install.
Overall download size: 14.4 MiB. Already cached: 129.5 KiB After the operation, additional 49.4 MiB will be used.
Continue? [y/n/? shows all options] (y): y
In cache libasan0-4.8.3+r212056-2.2.4.x86_64.rpm (1/13), 74.2 KiB (166.9 KiB unpacked)
In cache libatomic1-gcc49-4.9.0+r211729-2.1.7.x86_64.rpm (2/13), 14.3 KiB ( 26.1 KiB unpacked)
In cache libgomp1-gcc49-4.9.0+r211729-2.1.7.x86_64.rpm (3/13), 41.1 KiB ( 90.7 KiB unpacked)
26. Instalirajte paket (recimo libxine) iz repozitorija (amarok).
# zypper in amarok upd:libxine1
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
Resolving package dependencies...
The following 202 NEW packages are going to be installed:
amarok bundle-lang-kde-en clamz cups-libs enscript fontconfig gdk-pixbuf-query-loaders ghostscript-fonts-std gptfdisk gstreamer gstreamer-plugins-base hicolor-icon-theme
hicolor-icon-theme-branding-openSUSE htdig hunspell hunspell-tools icoutils ispell ispell-american kde4-filesystem kdebase4-runtime kdebase4-runtime-branding-openSUSE kdelibs4
kdelibs4-branding-openSUSE kdelibs4-core kdialog libakonadi4 l
.....
27. Instalirajte paket (recimo git) koristeći ime (-n).
# zypper in -n git
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
Resolving package dependencies...
The following 35 NEW packages are going to be installed:
cvs cvsps fontconfig git git-core git-cvs git-email git-gui gitk git-svn git-web libserf-1-1 libsqlite3-0 libXft2 libXrender1 libXss1 perl-Authen-SASL perl-Clone perl-DBD-SQLite perl-DBI
perl-Error perl-IO-Socket-SSL perl-MLDBM perl-Net-Daemon perl-Net-SMTP-SSL perl-Net-SSLeay perl-Params-Util perl-PlRPC perl-SQL-Statement perl-Term-ReadKey subversion subversion-perl tcl
tk xhost
The following 13 recommended packages were automatically selected:
git-cvs git-email git-gui gitk git-svn git-web perl-Authen-SASL perl-Clone perl-MLDBM perl-Net-Daemon perl-Net-SMTP-SSL perl-PlRPC perl-SQL-Statement
The following package is suggested, but will not be installed:
git-daemon
35 new packages to install.
Overall download size: 15.6 MiB. Already cached: 0 B After the operation, additional 56.7 MiB will be used.
Continue? [y/n/? shows all options] (y): y
28. Instalirajte paket koristeći zamjenske znakove. Na primjer, instalirajte sve php5 pakete.
# zypper in php5*
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
Resolving package dependencies...
Problem: php5-5.6.1-18.1.x86_64 requires smtp_daemon, but this requirement cannot be provided
uninstallable providers: exim-4.83-3.1.8.x86_64[openSUSE-13.2-0]
postfix-2.11.0-5.2.2.x86_64[openSUSE-13.2-0]
sendmail-8.14.9-2.2.2.x86_64[openSUSE-13.2-0]
exim-4.83-3.1.8.i586[repo-oss]
msmtp-mta-1.4.32-2.1.3.i586[repo-oss]
postfix-2.11.0-5.2.2.i586[repo-oss]
sendmail-8.14.9-2.2.2.i586[repo-oss]
exim-4.83-3.1.8.x86_64[repo-oss]
msmtp-mta-1.4.32-2.1.3.x86_64[repo-oss]
postfix-2.11.0-5.2.2.x86_64[repo-oss]
sendmail-8.14.9-2.2.2.x86_64[repo-oss]
postfix-2.11.3-5.5.1.i586[repo-update]
postfix-2.11.3-5.5.1.x86_64[repo-update]
Solution 1: Following actions will be done:
do not install php5-5.6.1-18.1.x86_64
do not install php5-pear-Auth_SASL-1.0.6-7.1.3.noarch
do not install php5-pear-Horde_Http-2.0.1-6.1.3.noarch
do not install php5-pear-Horde_Image-2.0.1-6.1.3.noarch
do not install php5-pear-Horde_Kolab_Format-2.0.1-6.1.3.noarch
do not install php5-pear-Horde_Ldap-2.0.1-6.1.3.noarch
do not install php5-pear-Horde_Memcache-2.0.1-7.1.3.noarch
do not install php5-pear-Horde_Mime-2.0.2-6.1.3.noarch
do not install php5-pear-Horde_Oauth-2.0.0-6.1.3.noarch
do not install php5-pear-Horde_Pdf-2.0.1-6.1.3.noarch
....
29. Instalirajte paket (recimo lamp_server) koristeći pattern (grupa paketa).
# zypper in -t pattern lamp_server
ading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
Resolving package dependencies...
The following 29 NEW packages are going to be installed:
apache2 apache2-doc apache2-example-pages apache2-mod_perl apache2-prefork patterns-openSUSE-lamp_server perl-Data-Dump perl-Encode-Locale perl-File-Listing perl-HTML-Parser
perl-HTML-Tagset perl-HTTP-Cookies perl-HTTP-Daemon perl-HTTP-Date perl-HTTP-Message perl-HTTP-Negotiate perl-IO-HTML perl-IO-Socket-SSL perl-libwww-perl perl-Linux-Pid
perl-LWP-MediaTypes perl-LWP-Protocol-https perl-Net-HTTP perl-Net-SSLeay perl-Tie-IxHash perl-TimeDate perl-URI perl-WWW-RobotRules yast2-http-server
The following NEW pattern is going to be installed:
lamp_server
The following 10 recommended packages were automatically selected:
apache2 apache2-doc apache2-example-pages apache2-mod_perl apache2-prefork perl-Data-Dump perl-IO-Socket-SSL perl-LWP-Protocol-https perl-TimeDate yast2-http-server
29 new packages to install.
Overall download size: 7.2 MiB. Already cached: 1.2 MiB After the operation, additional 34.7 MiB will be used.
Continue? [y/n/? shows all options] (y):
30. Instalirajte paket (recimo nano) i uklonite paket (recimo vi) u jednom potezu.
# zypper in nano -vi
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
'-vi' not found in package names. Trying capabilities.
Resolving package dependencies...
The following 2 NEW packages are going to be installed:
nano nano-lang
The following package is going to be REMOVED:
vim
The following recommended package was automatically selected:
nano-lang
2 new packages to install, 1 to remove.
Overall download size: 550.0 KiB. Already cached: 0 B After the operation, 463.3 KiB will be freed.
Continue? [y/n/? shows all options] (y):
...
31. Instalirajte rpm paket (recimo teamviewer).
# zypper in teamviewer*.rpm
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
Resolving package dependencies...
The following 24 NEW packages are going to be installed:
alsa-oss-32bit fontconfig-32bit libasound2-32bit libexpat1-32bit libfreetype6-32bit libgcc_s1-gcc49-32bit libICE6-32bit libjpeg62-32bit libpng12-0-32bit libpng16-16-32bit libSM6-32bit
libuuid1-32bit libX11-6-32bit libXau6-32bit libxcb1-32bit libXdamage1-32bit libXext6-32bit libXfixes3-32bit libXinerama1-32bit libXrandr2-32bit libXrender1-32bit libXtst6-32bit
libz1-32bit teamviewer
The following recommended package was automatically selected:
alsa-oss-32bit
24 new packages to install.
Overall download size: 41.2 MiB. Already cached: 0 B After the operation, additional 119.7 MiB will be used.
Continue? [y/n/? shows all options] (y):
..
Uklonite paket sa Zypperom
32. Za uklanjanje bilo kojeg paketa, možete koristiti naredbe ‘zypper remove’ ili ‘zypper rm’. Na primjer, za uklanjanje paketa (recimo apache2), pokrenite:
zypper remove apache2
Or
# zypper rm apache2
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
Resolving package dependencies...
The following 2 packages are going to be REMOVED:
apache2 apache2-prefork
2 packages to remove.
After the operation, 4.2 MiB will be freed.
Continue? [y/n/? shows all options] (y): y
(1/2) Removing apache2-2.4.10-19.1 ........................................................................[done]
(2/2) Removing apache2-prefork-2.4.10-19.1 ................................................................[done]
Ažuriranje paketa pomoću Zyppera
33. Ažurirajte sve pakete. Možete koristiti naredbe ‘zypper update’ ili ‘zypper up’.
# zypper up
OR
# zypper update
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
Nothing to do.
34. Ažurirajte određene pakete (recimo apache2 i openssh).
# zypper up apache2 openssh
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
No update candidate for 'apache2-2.4.10-19.1.x86_64'. The highest available version is already installed.
No update candidate for 'openssh-6.6p1-5.1.3.x86_64'. The highest available version is already installed.
Resolving package dependencies...
Nothing to do.
35. Instalirajte paket recimo (mariadb) ako nije instaliran, ažurirajte ga ako je instaliran.
# zypper in mariadb
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
'mariadb' is already installed.
No update candidate for 'mariadb-10.0.13-2.6.1.x86_64'. The highest available version is already installed.
Resolving package dependencies...
Nothing to do.
Instaliraj izvor i izgradi ovisnosti
Možete koristiti naredbe ‘zypper source-install’ ili ‘zypper si’ za izradu paketa iz izvora.
36. Instalirajte izvorne pakete i izgradite njihove ovisnosti za paket (recimo mariadb).
zypper si mariadb
Reading installed packages...
Loading repository data...
Resolving package dependencies...
The following 36 NEW packages are going to be installed:
autoconf automake bison cmake cpp cpp48 gcc gcc48 gcc48-c++ gcc-c++ libaio-devel libarchive13 libasan0 libatomic1-gcc49 libcloog-isl4 libedit-devel libevent-devel libgomp1-gcc49 libisl10
libitm1-gcc49 libltdl7 libmpc3 libmpfr4 libopenssl-devel libstdc++48-devel libtool libtsan0-gcc49 m4 make ncurses-devel pam-devel readline-devel site-config tack tcpd-devel zlib-devel
The following source package is going to be installed:
mariadb
36 new packages to install, 1 source package.
Overall download size: 71.5 MiB. Already cached: 129.5 KiB After the operation, additional 183.9 MiB will be used.
Continue? [y/n/? shows all options] (y): y
37. Instalirajte samo izvor za paket (recimo mariadb).
zypper in -D mariadb
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
'mariadb' is already installed.
No update candidate for 'mariadb-10.0.13-2.6.1.x86_64'. The highest available version is already installed.
Resolving package dependencies...
Nothing to do.
38. Instalirajte samo ovisnosti o izgradnji za pakete (recimo mariadb).
zypper si -d mariadb
Reading installed packages...
Loading repository data...
Resolving package dependencies...
The following 36 NEW packages are going to be installed:
autoconf automake bison cmake cpp cpp48 gcc gcc48 gcc48-c++ gcc-c++ libaio-devel libarchive13 libasan0 libatomic1-gcc49 libcloog-isl4 libedit-devel libevent-devel libgomp1-gcc49 libisl10
libitm1-gcc49 libltdl7 libmpc3 libmpfr4 libopenssl-devel libstdc++48-devel libtool libtsan0-gcc49 m4 make ncurses-devel pam-devel readline-devel site-config tack tcpd-devel zlib-devel
The following package is recommended, but will not be installed due to conflicts or dependency issues:
readline-doc
36 new packages to install.
Overall download size: 33.7 MiB. Already cached: 129.5 KiB After the operation, additional 144.3 MiB will be used.
Continue? [y/n/? shows all options] (y): y
Zypper u skriptama i aplikacijama
39. Instalirajte paket (recimo mariadb) bez interakcije korisnika.
# zypper --non-interactive in mariadb
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
'mariadb' is already installed.
No update candidate for 'mariadb-10.0.13-2.6.1.x86_64'. The highest available version is already installed.
Resolving package dependencies...
Nothing to do.
40. Uklonite paket (recimo mariadb) bez interakcije korisnika.
# zypper --non-interactive rm mariadb
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
Resolving package dependencies...
The following package is going to be REMOVED:
mariadb
1 package to remove.
After the operation, 71.8 MiB will be freed.
Continue? [y/n/? shows all options] (y): y
(1/1) Removing mariadb-10.0.13-2.6.1 .............................................................................[done]
41. Izlaz zypper u xml.
# zypper --xmlout
Usage:
zypper [--global-options] <command> [--command-options] [arguments]
Global Options
....
42. Generiraj tihi izlaz prilikom instalacije.
# zypper --quiet in mariadb
The following NEW package is going to be installed:
mariadb
1 new package to install.
Overall download size: 0 B. Already cached: 7.8 MiB After the operation, additional 71.8 MiB will be used.
Continue? [y/n/? shows all options] (y):
...
43. Generiraj tihi izlaz pri UN-instalaciji.
# zypper --quiet rm mariadb
44. Automatski pristajete na Licence/Ugovore.
# zypper patch --auto-agree-with-licenses
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
Resolving package dependencies...
Nothing to do.
Očisti Zypper predmemoriju i povijest pogleda
45. Ako želite očistiti samo zypper predmemoriju, možete koristiti sljedeću naredbu.
# zypper clean
All repositories have been cleaned up.
Ako želite odjednom očistiti metapodatke i predmemoriju paketa, mogli biste proslijediti –all/-a sa zypper as.
# zypper clean -a
All repositories have been cleaned up.
46. Za pregled zapisnika bilo kojih instaliranih, ažuriranih ili uklonjenih paketa putem zyppera, prijavite se u /var/log/zypp/history. Možete ga označiti za pregled ili možete koristiti filtar za dobivanje prilagođenog izlaza.
# cat /var/log/zypp/history
2015-05-07 15:43:03|install|boost-license1_54_0|1.54.0-10.1.3|noarch||openSUSE-13.2-0|0523b909d2aae5239f9841316dafaf3a37b4f096|
2015-05-07 15:43:03|install|branding-openSUSE|13.2-3.6.1|noarch||openSUSE-13.2-0|6609def94b1987bf3f90a9467f4f7ab8f8d98a5c|
2015-05-07 15:43:03|install|bundle-lang-common-en|13.2-3.3.1|noarch||openSUSE-13.2-0|ca55694e6fdebee6ce37ac7cf3725e2aa6edc342|
2015-05-07 15:43:03|install|insserv-compat|0.1-12.2.2|noarch||openSUSE-13.2-0|6160de7fbf961a279591a83a1550093a581214d9|
2015-05-07 15:43:03|install|libX11-data|1.6.2-5.1.2|noarch||openSUSE-13.2-0|f1cb58364ba9016c1f93b1a383ba12463c56885a|
2015-05-07 15:43:03|install|libnl-config|3.2.25-2.1.2|noarch||openSUSE-13.2-0|aab2ded312a781e93b739b418e3d32fe4e187020|
2015-05-07 15:43:04|install|wireless-regdb|2014.06.13-1.2|noarch||openSUSE-13.2-0|be8cb16f3e92af12b5ceb977e37e13f03c007bd1|
2015-05-07 15:43:04|install|yast2-trans-en_US|3.1.0-2.1|noarch||openSUSE-13.2-0|1865754e5e0ec3c149ac850b340bcca55a3c404d|
2015-05-07 15:43:04|install|yast2-trans-stats|2.19.0-16.1.3|noarch||openSUSE-13.2-0|b107d2b3e702835885b57b04d12d25539f262d1a|
2015-05-07 15:43:04|install|cracklib-dict-full|2.8.12-64.1.2|x86_64||openSUSE-13.2-0|08bd45dbba7ad44e3a4837f730be76f55ad5dcfa|
......
Nadogradite Suse koristeći Zypper
47. Možete koristiti opciju 'dist-upgrade' s naredbom zypper za nadogradnju vašeg trenutnog Suse Linuxa na najnoviju verziju.
# zypper dist-upgrade
You are about to do a distribution upgrade with all enabled repositories. Make sure these repositories are compatible before you continue. See 'man zypper' for more information about this command.
Building repository 'openSUSE-13.2-0' cache .....................................................................[done]
Retrieving repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Debug' metadata ............................................................[done]
Building repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Debug' cache .................................................................[done]
Retrieving repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Non-Oss' metadata ..........................................................[done]
Building repository 'openSUSE-13.2-Non-Oss' cache ...............................................................[done]
To je sve za sada. Nadamo se da će vam ovaj članak pomoći u upravljanju vašim SUSE sustavom i poslužiteljem posebno za početnike. Ako smatrate da sam ostavio određene naredbe (ljudske su pogrešne), možete nam poslati povratne informacije u komentarima kako bismo mogli ažurirati članak. Ostanite povezani, nastavite komentirati, ostanite s nama. Čast!